{"id":5719,"date":"2025-03-13T16:20:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T15:20:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/app-visiodrom.pixel-tal.de\/soehrete-giden-yol\/"},"modified":"2025-03-21T10:16:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-21T09:16:18","slug":"soehrete-giden-yol","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/app.visiodrom.de\/tr\/soehrete-giden-yol\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015e\u00f6hrete giden yol"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00c7arpan olarak uzmanlar<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bu ki\u015filer Vincent’\u0131n sanat\u0131ndan erken ya\u015flarda ilham alm\u0131\u015f ve sanat\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na \u00f6nemli katk\u0131larda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul Cassirer<\/h4>(1871-1926)<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Paul Cassirer’in (1871-1926) foto\u011fraf\u0131
1905 civar\u0131<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Alman sanat simsar\u0131 ve yay\u0131nc\u0131 Paul Cassirer (1871-1926) \u00e7ok say\u0131da sabit serginin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Viyana, Dresden ve Hamburg’a gezici sergiler d\u00fczenledi. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’na kadar Almanya’da yakla\u015f\u0131k 120 Van Gogh tablosu vard\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n 80’i sadece Paul Cassirer’in sanat galerisi taraf\u0131ndan organize edilmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Julius Meier-Graefe<\/h4>(1867-1935)<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Julius Meier-Graefe
Edvard Munch (1863-1944), c. 1894
Tuval \u00fczerine ya\u011fl\u0131boya, 100 x 75 cm
Ulusal M\u00fcze Oslo, Norve\u00e7<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Etkili sanat tarih\u00e7isi ve yazar Julius Meier-Graefe (1867-1935) Van Gogh’un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini erken fark etti. 1900 y\u0131l\u0131nda ‘Die Insel’ dergisinde Van Gogh hakk\u0131nda ilk kez yazd\u0131. ‘Entwicklungsgeschichte der modernen Kunst’ (Modern Sanat\u0131n Geli\u015fim Tarihi) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda Van Gogh’a tam bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm ay\u0131rd\u0131 ve 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda ressam hakk\u0131ndaki ilk kitab\u0131 olan ‘Vincent van Gogh’u yay\u0131nlad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Helene Kr\u00f6ller-M\u00fcller<\/h4>(1869-1939)<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Helene M\u00fcller 1887\/88 civar\u0131nda
K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra zengin m\u00fcteahhit Anton Kr\u00f6ller ile ni\u015fanland\u0131.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Helene Kr\u00f6ller-M\u00fcller, Van Gogh’un sanat\u0131ndan derinden etkilenmi\u015fti. Zenginli\u011fi onu tutkulu bir koleksiyoncu yapt\u0131. 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk Van Gogh tablosu olan ‘Orman Kenar\u0131’n\u0131 110 guldene sat\u0131n ald\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunu 88 resim ve 172 \u00e7izim takip edecekti. 1938’de e\u015fi Anton ile birlikte Vincent’\u0131n sanat\u0131n\u0131 herkes i\u00e7in eri\u015filebilir k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla Hollanda’n\u0131n Otterlo kentinde Kr\u00f6ller-M\u00fcller M\u00fczesi’ni kurdular. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

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Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131z boyunca tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131k<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n

17 A\u011fustos 1889’da ‘De Portefeuille: Kunst- en Letterbode’ dergisinde bir ele\u015ftiri yay\u0131mland\u0131:\u00bb<\/strong>Bu on dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n bir kez daha fark\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 muhte\u015fem, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ya\u015fam\u0131 bize bi\u00e7imler ve renklerle kim aktar\u0131yor? […] Birini tan\u0131yorum, yaln\u0131z bir \u00f6nc\u00fc, gecenin derinliklerinde tek ba\u015f\u0131na sava\u015f\u0131yor, ad\u0131 Vincent, gelecek nesillere kalacak. Bir Hollandal\u0131 olan bu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc kahraman hakk\u0131nda daha sonra s\u00f6yleyeceklerimiz olacak.\u00ab <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Van Gogh’tan sanat bas\u0131n\u0131nda ilk kez bahseden J.J. Isaacson (1859-1942) da bir ressam ve Hollandal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mercure de France dergisi<\/h4>(Say\u0131: 29 Ocak 1890, ‘\u0130zole Edilenler’ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makale, sayfa 24-29)<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7ok sayfal\u0131 ilk makalede Frans\u0131z sanat ele\u015ftirmeni Albert Aurier (1865-1892) Van Gogh’un al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k, tutkulu ve canl\u0131 sanatsal yarat\u0131mlar\u0131na duydu\u011fu hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dile getirmi\u015ftir.Aurier, Van Gogh’un ger\u00e7ek \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn asla tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yordu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sanat\u0131 \u00bb\u00e7a\u011fda\u015f burjuva zihni i\u00e7in \u00e7ok basit ve ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok incelikliydi\u00ab.\u00bb<\/strong>Sanat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden canland\u0131racak bir Mesih, bir ‘hakikat ekicisi’ fikrini […] hesaba katmadan ekiciyi nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz […]?\u00ab Albert Aurier, ‘Mercure de France’, Ocak 1890<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Albert Aurier’in (1865-1892)
adresinde yay\u0131nlanan ve sadece Van Gogh ve sanat\u0131n\u0131 konu alan ilk makalesinin ba\u015fl\u0131k sayfas\u0131.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t
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K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, b\u00fcy\u00fck miras<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Sadece on y\u0131l s\u00fcren Van Gogh’un yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemi son derece k\u0131sayd\u0131 – Claude Monet yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 y\u0131l, Pablo Picasso ise 83 y\u0131l boyunca resim yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 – ancak yine de Hollandal\u0131 kendi kendini yeti\u015ftirmi\u015f sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ifade tarz\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yan \u00e7a\u011fda\u015flar\u0131 vard\u0131 (bkz. ‘Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde tan\u0131nma’).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 Jo van Gogh-Bonger<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Van Gogh’un \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra eserlerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda kilit rol oynayan Johanna van Gogh-Bonger’in Nisan 1889 tarihli bir foto\u011fraf\u0131. <\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

‘Jo’ kay\u0131nbiraderinin sanatsal miras\u0131n\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fi haline getirdi: \u00bb\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra [Theo] bana ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6rev daha b\u0131rakt\u0131: Vincent’\u0131n eserleri – onlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermek, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca s\u0131k be\u011fenilmesini sa\u011flamak\u00ab, 1891’in ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Johanna van Gogh-Bonger 1905 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131nda o\u011flu Vincent Willem (1890-1978) ve ikinci kocas\u0131 ressam Cohen Gosschalk (1873-1912) ile birlikte. Van Gogh’un ‘Langlois K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’ adl\u0131 tablosu arka planda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. <\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Johanna 1 May\u0131s 1891’de Amsterdam yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Bussum’da Van Gogh’un resimleriyle dekore etti\u011fi ‘Villa Helma’ pansiyonunu a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00c9mile Bernard’a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mektupta \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: \u00bb<\/strong>“Ancak i\u00e7iniz rahat olsun: tablolar bir ah\u0131rda ya da lo\u015f bir arka odada kalmayacak. Aksine, t\u00fcm evi onlarla dekore edece\u011fim.\u00ab Sergiler, iyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f sat\u0131\u015flar, yay\u0131nlar ve bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fisel ba\u011flant\u0131 sayesinde Johanna, kay\u0131nbiraderinin eserlerinin sonraki y\u0131llarda galeri sahipleri, koleksiyonerler ve m\u00fcze m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Johanna hayat\u0131 boyunca Van Gogh’un eserlerini \u00f6zenle satt\u0131 ve kay\u0131nbiraderinin sanatsal miras\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok tabloyu saklad\u0131. Vak\u0131fla ilgili \u015fey<\/strong>Johanna’n\u0131n o\u011flu Vincent Willem van Gogh annesinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Annesi gibi o da amcas\u0131n\u0131n resimlerini defalarca m\u00fczelere \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verdi. 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda miras\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in bir vak\u0131f kurdu. Bu vak\u0131f 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amsterdam’da Van Gogh M\u00fczesi’ni kurdu. M\u00fcze, halen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck eser koleksiyonuna ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

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Sergiler<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Johanna van Gogh-Bonger, ba\u015fta Almanya olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm Avrupa’daki sergilere defalarca resim ve \u00e7izim \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Paris, 1901<\/strong>\u0130lk \u00f6nemli olay, 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te Van Gogh’un 70’ten fazla resminin ilk kez sergilendi\u011fi bir sergiydi. O zaman bile sergiye kat\u0131lanlar aras\u0131nda Auguste Rodin, Camille Pissarro ve di\u011fer \u00f6nemli ressamlar vard\u0131. Sergi, Almanya’dan gelenler de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da ziyaret\u00e7inin ilgisini \u00e7ekti. Van Gogh’un ‘Frans\u0131z resim gelene\u011finin en son doruk noktas\u0131’ oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ilk sesler y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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‘Tentoonstelling – Sergi’ – i\u015fte b\u00fcy\u00fck sanat bu kadar basit olabilir. Merak uyand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131: Per\u015fembe g\u00fcnleri giri\u015f iki kat daha y\u00fcksekti. <\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Amsterdam, 1905<\/strong>Ticari at\u0131l\u0131m 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda Johanna’n\u0131n Amsterdam’da 450’den fazla (!) eserin sergilendi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Van Gogh retrospektifi d\u00fczenlemesiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Bu sergiden sonra Van Gogh tablolar\u0131n\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde y\u00fckseldi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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K\u00f6ln, 1912<\/strong>1912’de K\u00f6ln’de d\u00fczenlenen Sonderbund sergisinde, Empresyonizm ve Post-Empresyonizm gibi ‘tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 modern resim’ \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 29 salonda 634 resim ‘modernizmin bir at\u0131l\u0131m yapmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131’. Bir ila be\u015finci salonlar sadece Van Gogh’un eserlerine ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 – toplam 107 eser. Almanya daha sonra Van Gogh’un sanat\u0131n\u0131n merkezi haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Berlin, 1914<\/strong>Sanat simsar\u0131 Paul Cassirer (1871-1926) taraf\u0131ndan Berlin’de d\u00fczenlenen onuncu Van Gogh sergisi, Cassirer’in b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesidir. Katalo\u011fun \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcnde, e\u015fi ‘J. van Gogh-Bonger’e ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6zel koleksiyoncuya \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verdikleri i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a te\u015fekk\u00fcr eder. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

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X-Ray Rubbel<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vincent van Gogh para biriktirmek i\u00e7in iki kez tuval kulland\u0131. Ya\u011fl\u0131 boya alacak paras\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in haftalarca sadece eskiz \u00e7izdi\u011fi zamanlar olmu\u015ftur. Bu y\u00fczden bir\u00e7ok resim, gizli renk katmanlar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in X \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131yla incelenir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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K\u00f6yl\u00fc Kad\u0131n Ba\u015f\u0131<\/strong>, Nisan 1885
Tuval \u00fczerine ya\u011fl\u0131boya, 48 x 36 cm
Ulusal Galeri Edinburgh, B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130sko\u00e7ya’daki Ulusal Galeri uzmanlar\u0131 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda Van Gogh’un ‘K\u00f6yl\u00fc Kad\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015f\u0131’ adl\u0131 tablosunu incelediklerinde, arka taraftaki kartonun alt\u0131nda ressam\u0131n daha \u00f6nce bilinmeyen bir otoportresini buldular. Monit\u00f6rdeki portreyi parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131zla kaz\u0131yabilirsiniz. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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